CV Carburetor ....explained perfectly

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> Difference between #pressure and #velocity

 > Difference between #pressure and #velocity

You hold a water hose in your hand. Turn on the faucet and watch the water coming out of the hose. If you place the palm of your hand over the open end of the hose, you can feel the force of the water hitting the palm of your hand.
Pressure = Force ÷ area

You are feeling the force that the water is exerting on a specific area of your skin. As the water collides with your skin, the water’s velocity will decrease to 0 m/s. Your skin exerted a force on the water that caused the water to decelerate.

So, pressure measures the force that the water exerts on hole at the open end of the hose.
I have an attachment on the hose to decrease the area of the open end of the hose. As I decrease the area, the water’s velocity increases.

Velocity measures the distance that the water moves each second. Pressure supplies the force that caused the water to have enough kinetic energy to move that distance each second.

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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TURBOSCHARGER AND SUPERCHARGER

There are key differences between a Turbocharger and a Supercharger. Many cars came from the factory with them, Mitsubishi, Saab, Audi, Volkswagen, Mercedes, Ford, Chevrolet and Nissan are all manufactures that do. Chances are, if your car came with one, you've wondered what they do and what the differences between the two are. Whether or not you've got a diesel powered or gasoline powered engine, companies such as Garrett, Holset, Mitsubishi and Borg Warner lead the way with factory forced induction applications. 

To understand the difference between the two, it is important to know the function of a turbocharger and a supercharger.  Both are forms of forced induction.  Both force air into the engine to achieve what we all want and crave – more power. 

The supercharger can be powered by a belt, gear, shaft, or chain.  There are quite a few different types of superchargers but the take-away point is this – a supercharger is connected to the crankshaft.  Meaning, a supercharger is always driven by the car’s engine.

A turbo does the same job as the supercharger – force more air into the car’s engine to make more power.  However, a turbo uses a turbine and is NOT connected to the crankshaft.  Instead of the engine, the turbo gets driven by the car’s exhaust gases.

The advantages and disadvantages are obvious.  Supercharger, being attached at the crankshaft, equals less efficiency – more fuel to power it.  With a turbo, you don’t affect efficiency because it is exhaust driven – no additional stress on the engine.  However, you deal with turbo lag.  With a supercharger, you get the benefits of forced induction from the very beginning.  With turbo, you have to wait til it “kicks in.”

It is important to note advances in both supercharger and turbo technologies are making great progress.  New turbos have all but eliminated turbo lag and there are highly efficient superchargers on the market as wel

SUPERCHARGER CUTAWAY

TURBOCHARGER CUTAWAY 

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_vaw5zwnhrA 

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common material basics from mikecurtis check their website

List of Common Materials        source:http://www.mikecurtis.org.uk/ks2_materials.htm

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SUBSTANCE	Description	USE/PROPERTY
Iron	Grey metal	Cheap and strong but rusts easily. The only magnetic metal.
Sulphur	Yellow solid	Soft and crumbly. Burns to make a gas with a chocking smell.
Brass	Yellow metal	An ALLOY of copper and zinc. Used to make water taps. (Often covered with a shiny layer of CHROME metal)
Copper	Pink Metal	Used to make water pipes and electric wires.
Mercury	Grey metal	The only liquid metal. Very heavy and very poisonous. Used by dentists for 'fillings'.
Aluminium	Pale grey metal	Low density (very light). Used to make saucepans and kitchen foil.
Gold	Yellow metal	Very heavy precious metal. Does not corrode. Used for jewellery and electrical contacts.
Perspex	Colourless, transparent	Often used instead of glass as it is strong and light but scratches and melts easily.
Glass	Pale green, transparent	Very hard (does not scratch easily) but easy to break.
Zinc	Grey metal	Plated over iron to stop it rusting (called GALVANIZED iron and is used for buckets, water tanks)
Lead	Grey metal	Soft and bendy. Melts easily. Used on roofs. Used to used in pencils.
Tin	Grey metal	Placed in a very thin layer on the inside of 'tin' cans to stop the iron going rusty.
GMaterials can be placed into groups:       Metals Shiny, conduct electricity and heat, strong, often heavy Girders, Bicycle frames, Electric wires, Tools, Saucepans and good quality cuttlery. Ceramics Substances made from pottery. They have been 'fired' at some stage in their manufacture. They look attractive, do not burn or melt but are usually brittle and break easily Tiles, kitchen plates, good quality cups Plastics Plastics usually melt or burn easily,. They are not very strong but can easily made into different shapes. They arecheap to produce and are good electrical insulators Washing up bowls, covering to electric wire, plugs, cheap cuttlery, containers for food Glass :Glass looks attractive and can eaily be made into different shapes. Transparent, Is not effected by liquids. Brittle but hard. (Breaks easily but will not easily scratch) Windows, mirrors, glasses, bottles Wood Cuts easily and can be polished so it is shiny. Looks attractive Furniture, building materials	Grey /black solid	Formed from carbon. Used in pencils instead of lead (which is poisonous). Properties of materials A property of a material is something about it that we can measure, see or feel Examples of different properties Strong Weak Heavy Light in weight Rough Smooth Shiny Dull Hard Soft Flexible Brittle Magnetic Non-magnetic Transparent Opaque Conduct electricity Electrical insulator Conductor of heat Thermal (heat) insulator Burns when heated Does not burn Melts easily  Does not melt easily

Difference between hardness and toughness

Difference between hardness and toughness: 

Toughness describes how much total energy has to be used before a material breaks. If the material takes a lot of energy (it may change shape) before breaking, then it is a tough material. If only a little energy is needed to break the material it is weak or brittle


Hardness describes how much energy it takes to deform (stretch, compress, bend, etc.) a material. If the material takes a lot of energy to change only a little, it is said to be hard. Conversely, if only a little amount of energy is needed to make a lot of shape change, then the material is soft. Metals would be considered hard, chewing gum would be soft. source:
http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/mats05/mats05189.htm

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